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Autor	Marcin Żekało
Tytuł	Economic Results of Winter Wheat and Winter Rye Production in Organic Farms – a Case Study
Title	Economic Results of Winter Wheat and Winter Rye Production in Organic Farms – a Case Study
Słowa kluczowe	organic production, direct costs, profitability, Poland
Key words	organic production, direct costs, profitability, Poland
Abstrakt	Studies on the economics of agricultural production in organic farms are carried out on a small scale but deliver important information about the situation of organic agricultural producers. The aim of this paper is to examine the economic and production results of organic farms cultivating winter wheat and winter rye in relation to the results of conventional farms (by way of case study). The paper used actual accounting data collected in the Agrokoszty system and Polish FADN and direct interviews with organic farmers. For detailed comparison of the economic results the methodology of calculating gross margin was used. When compared to conventional farms, the winter wheat and winter rye production results were weaker in organic farms, and a lower yield of grain was demonstrated. The selling price of organic grain was more favourable only for winter wheat. The surveyed farmers indicate the will to continue organic production. However, it is necessary to develop the organic product market and for further financial support for this production sector.
Abstract	Studies on the economics of agricultural production in organic farms are carried out on a small scale but deliver important information about the situation of organic agricultural producers. The aim of this paper is to examine the economic and production results of organic farms cultivating winter wheat and winter rye in relation to the results of conventional farms (by way of case study). The paper used actual accounting data collected in the Agrokoszty system and Polish FADN and direct interviews with organic farmers. For detailed comparison of the economic results the methodology of calculating gross margin was used. When compared to conventional farms, the winter wheat and winter rye production results were weaker in organic farms, and a lower yield of grain was demonstrated. The selling price of organic grain was more favourable only for winter wheat. The surveyed farmers indicate the will to continue organic production. However, it is necessary to develop the organic product market and for further financial support for this production sector.
Cytowanie	Żekało M. (2019) Economic Results of Winter Wheat and Winter Rye Production in Organic Farms – a Case Study.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 248-255
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s248.pdf

Autor	Henryk Runowski
Tytuł	Ekonomiczne aspekty ekologicznej produkcji mleka
Title	Economic aspects of organic milk production
Słowa kluczowe	organic milk production, milk prices, incomes, profits and costs, organic farms, conventional farms
Key words	organic milk production, milk prices, incomes, profits and costs, organic farms, conventional farms
Abstrakt	W artykule przedstawiono ekonomiczne aspekty ekologicznej produkcji mleka. Omówiono tendencje rozwojowe rolnictwa ekologicznego oraz stan ekologicznej produkcji mleka, a także zróżnicowanie cen mleka ekologicznego w układzie międzynarodowym. Przedstawiono przychody, koszty i dochody gospodarstw ekologicznych w porównaniu z gospodarstwami konwencjonalnymi na przykładzie Bawarii, jednego z landów Niemiec, głównego producenta mleka ekologicznego w tym kraju. Przedstawione wyniki bada? wykazały, że ekologiczna produkcja mleka zapewnia dochody porównywalne, a nawet wyższe niż produkcja metodami konwencjonalnymi. Dotyczy to produkcji konwencjonalnej prowadzonej na średnim poziomie intensywności. Stwierdzono również, że ceny skupu mleka ekologicznego podlegają w dłuższym okresie podobnym wahaniom, jak ceny skupu mleka z gospodarstw konwencjonalnych, jednak skala różnic w ostatnim czasie rośnie na korzyść mleka ekologicznego i jest zróżnicowana między poszczególnymi krajami.
Abstract	The paper aims to analyze the economic aspects of an organic milk production. There were analyzed development tendencies of organic production in the geographic picture. Also the assessment of the state of the art of the organic milk production, comparative analyzes of prices between organic and conventional milk as well as profits and costs of their producers have been done. The analysis were conducted base on the data from Bavaria, one of the regions in Germany, with the highest organic milk production in the country. The results show, that organic milk production ensures profits for the organic farms on the same or even higher level then conventional ones run in the semi-intensive way. The paper argues also that the organic milk prices are influenced by the same fluctuations then conventional, however the differences of scale is growing on the favor of organic milk and depends on the country.
Cytowanie	Runowski H. (2009) Ekonomiczne aspekty ekologicznej produkcji mleka.Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 96, z. 1: 36-51
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2009_n1_s36.pdf